Learn verbs with their preposition and case and ask about people and things appropriately.
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What you will learn
Learn verbs with their preposition and case and ask about people and things appropriately.
Prepositional verbs: wo(r)- and da(r)-
Common combinations include warten auf plus accusative, sich freuen auf plus accusative, sich interessieren für plus accusative, sprechen mit plus dative and teilnehmen an plus dative. Learn the whole combination; a translation alone does not determine the preposition.
For things or topics, combine wo with the preposition: worauf, wofür, womit, woran. Insert r before a vowel, as in auf or an. Answers can use darauf, dafür, damit or daran: Worauf wartest du? — Auf den Bus. Ich warte darauf.
For people use a preposition plus an interrogative or personal pronoun: Auf wen wartest du? — Auf meine Schwester. Ich warte auf sie. Mit wem sprichst du? — Mit Tom. Ich spreche mit ihm. Wen is accusative and wem is dative. Darauf does not replace a person in these examples.
Rule summary
Form
Example or use
warten auf + Akkusativ
worauf? · darauf · auf wen?
sprechen mit + Dativ
womit? · damit · mit wem?
teilnehmen an + Dativ
woran? · daran
Examples
Worauf wartest du? — Auf den Bus.
Meaning
What are you waiting for? — The bus.
Ich freue mich darauf.
Meaning
I am looking forward to it.
Mit wem sprichst du? — Mit meiner Lehrerin.
Meaning
Who are you speaking to? — My teacher.
Nimmst du an dem Kurs teil? — Ja, ich nehme daran teil.
Meaning
Are you taking part in the course? — Yes, I am taking part in it.
Lesson exercises
B1 · 10
Choose one answer for immediate feedback and a brief explanation.
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Exercise 1 / 10
Choose the answer that fits the context and requested tense.
Ich warte ___ den Bus.
Correct answer ✓Incorrect answer
Correct answer: auf
Why? Answer: auf — This is the verb’s fixed preposition in the intended meaning.
Exercise 2 / 10
Choose the answer that fits the context and requested tense.
Ich interessiere mich ___ Musik.
Correct answer ✓Incorrect answer
Correct answer: für
Why? Answer: für — This is the verb’s fixed preposition in the intended meaning.
Exercise 3 / 10
Choose the answer that fits the context and requested tense.
___ wartest du? — Auf den Bus. (Frage nach einer Sache)
Correct answer ✓Incorrect answer
Correct answer: Worauf
Why? Answer: Worauf — For things, use wo(r)- in the question and da(r)- to refer back.
Exercise 4 / 10
Choose the answer that fits the context and requested tense.
Du wartest auf den Bus. Ich warte auch ___.
Correct answer ✓Incorrect answer
Correct answer: darauf
Why? Answer: darauf — Insert r after wo or da before a preposition beginning with a vowel.
Exercise 5 / 10
Choose the answer that fits the context and requested tense.
___ sprichst du? — Mit Tom.
Correct answer ✓Incorrect answer
Correct answer: Mit wem
Why? Answer: Mit wem — For people, follow the preposition with accusative wen or dative wem.
Exercise 6 / 10
Choose the answer that fits the context and requested tense.
Ich warte auf meine Schwester. Ich warte ___.
Correct answer ✓Incorrect answer
Correct answer: auf sie
Why? Answer: auf sie — Refer to a person with a preposition and a personal pronoun in the required case.
Exercise 7 / 10
Choose the answer that fits the context and requested tense.
Ich nehme ___ dem Kurs teil.
Correct answer ✓Incorrect answer
Correct answer: an
Why? Answer: an — This is the verb’s fixed preposition in the intended meaning.
Exercise 8 / 10
Choose the answer that fits the context and requested tense.
Ich nehme an dem Kurs teil. Ich nehme ___ teil.
Correct answer ✓Incorrect answer
Correct answer: daran
Why? Answer: daran — Insert r after wo or da before a preposition beginning with a vowel.
Exercise 9 / 10
Choose the answer that fits the context and requested tense.
___ interessierst du dich? — Für Musik.
Correct answer ✓Incorrect answer
Correct answer: Wofür
Why? Answer: Wofür — For things, use wo(r)- in the question and da(r)- to refer back.
Exercise 10 / 10
Choose the answer that fits the context and requested tense.
Ich spreche mit Tom. Ich spreche ___.
Correct answer ✓Incorrect answer
Correct answer: mit ihm
Why? Answer: mit ihm — Refer to a person with a preposition and a personal pronoun in the required case.
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Grammar references for further reading
Original B1 lessons, examples and exercises by WikiGerman. Study in order or choose a topic to review.